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Posts Tagged ‘Northern lights’

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For about 10 years I have been using a nice „stereo“ ELF/VLF receiver built by Stephen P McGreevy. It is designed for two loop antennas.
These loop antennas have always been a lot of trouble to install. In addition, I have never known whether I was installing the antennas in a good place with regard to low or non 50Hz EMF pollution or to space weather conditions.
I have only known it afterwards and have often been disappointed.
I have therefore long dreamed of building my own receiver that would be as easy to turn on a pocket radio. So I started gathering materials this winter to build a new receiver, which actually turned out to be twins, or a pair.
This receiver has a High-ohm input and therefore is not designed for low-ohm loop antennas. However, it is using a 75cm whip antenna that can be connected to the receiver in an instant via BNC connector. Connect to headphones via mini jack, turn on and listen in very good quality. I can therefore instantly find out that the location I am in is free of 50Hz EMF pollution and check the status of the space weather.
As mentioned earlier, I had thought of using this receiver just to check whether it would be worth installing the loop antennas. But I have found that this new receiver is excellent in many ways. It reaches lower frequencies or below 10Hz and seems to reach much higher frequencies than 24Khz. The fact that the receiver should reach frequencies above 18Khz does not serve me at all regarding solar storms, except to check transmitter signals that are mainly intended for submarines for military purposes.
Solar storms are usually below the 18Khz frequency range, down to just a few Hz.
The transmitted signals above 18Khz are actually so strong that I clearly have to build a filter on the headphone output to avoid hearing damage. Old blokes like me can’t hear these high frequencies, but the strength is such that it causes a feeling of discomfort when listening and gives me tinnitus for a few days.
I drove out of the city in mid-March 2025 to a place that is relatively free of EMF pollution. There had been quite strong storms from the sun days before, so it was worth testing the new receiver. It was partly cloudy so that sometimes it was possible to see very power- and colorful Auroras in 3 to 4 colors. In between there was wind and hail which clearly also affected the reception conditions.
I made various attempts to record from the new receivers, which was difficult. The handheld devices that I used to use with the loop antenna receiver seemed to just send interference into the receiver. I tried ground isolation transformers, but that didn’t work. It wasn’t until I recorded with a MixPre6 and had the device far from the receivers that I was able to record solar storms without interference from the recording devices.
I am not satisfied with this recording. I am well aware that I am dependent on various details such as connection to the ground, size and type of antenna, height from the ground, location of the receiver and antenna as well as environmental and weather conditions and other things.
This recording only took into account that I did not hear interference from the recording device or other human objects during the recording. The receiver was not lying on the ground, but was on the top of a fence post.
I would like to mention that I have erased all transmitter signals above 18 Khz in this recording, so it should not bother anyone.
I could continue talking about the content of this recording, but I will stop here. You will definitely hear new recordings of solar storms on this blog in the coming months because it is not necessarily most interesting to record in late evening when Aurora is most active. It is very often just before dawn and the small details behind the clearly audible sparks, which is most interesting to listen to.
Here you can hear an older recording. Recorded from a Stephen P McGreevy receiver with a loop antenna.

(mp3 265mbps / 62Mb)

Recorder: MixPre6
Receiver: Explorer E202 ver. 1,4  with 75cm whip antenna
Pix: Canon E0S R

Location: 63.867430, -22.062817
Weather: Partly cloudy, hail, wind 2-4m/s, around -6°C

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One of the things I’m quite interested in is recording space weather or „auroral chorus“ with a ELF/VLF receiver.
This space weather is electrically charged particles coming from the sun into the upper atmosphere, the same ones that form the northern lights, or Aurora.
The receiver therefore only detects radio frequency on a very long wavelength or at 20hz up to 20Khz
The problem, however, is that I have never been able to devote enough time to this hobby. So I don’t have many recordings of this material.
It is not enough to have a lot of equipment. I really need to have knowledge of the subject to get what I want. To be in the right place and time when events happen in the solar system and in the Earth’s thermosphere. In addition, I am always busy not letting technical ignorance affect the quality of recordings, so knowing antenna theory and receiver design is also important. But in antenna studies I know nothing, especially because of my poor math skills.
Due to lack of time, I did not even build the tuner, which is though very simple, so I bought a tuner from Stephen P McGreevy. That receiver is made for two loop antennas, so it is possible to record in stereo.
Through poor skills, I have prepared two types of antennas. One is built according to Stephan’s specification, which is nice in many ways, but takes on too much wind which sometimes interferes with the recording. Then I have make another one that unfortunately produces (or receives) a lot of „pink noise“. But that antenna is fast to set up and very convenient for finding the right X/Y axis for stereo recording.
But not everything is counted. As well as air and noise pollution from people, there is also an enormous amount of strong electrical pollution everywhere in human settlements, literally in all frequency ranges. So I also need to find places where there is little or no electrical pollution. I’m also not allowed to be near tall trees or high mountains. High voltage lines, radio transmitters and electrical fences must be many kilometers away. It therefore puts a lot of strain on patience and long journeys that are often fruitless. I therefore try to use the time I use for nature recordings to record simultaneously VLF space weather recordings.
It was just the other day that I discovered a place incredibly close to Reykjavík that was remarkably free of electrical pollution, as well as a request from a composer and two musicians for a recording, that made me see if I could pull out the equipment and start recording something. Probably make better antennas.
But as  the sun is quite calm these days, actually these months and years according to the „annual solar cycle„, it could be a difficult task to get a good recording.
Therefore, here is a recording from mid August 2017, recorded at Skeiðarásandur south east Iceland. The recording location is far from mountains and human settlements, several kilometers from the nearest high-voltage line or electric fence . It was therefore relatively easy to clean electrical pollution from the recording. However, you can see in spectrogram (and hear) various weak radio signals and pulses, but most of them are above 15Khz.
This is not a „strong“ recording. In a real solar storm the „sparking sound“ is more powerful with more depth and colorful sounds. My favorite sound in space weather recordings is „Whistler„. I have only heard it once with my equipment, but Iceland is actually not located on the best latitude.

(mp3 256Kbps / 60,8Mb)

Recorder: Olympus LS10
ELF/VLF Receiver: WR-9STL
Antenna: Two 3 meters high triangle loops, X/Y setup on carbon fiber boom pole

Location: 63.970253, -17.160061
Weather. Calm, dry, cloudy

Build a simple BBB4 receiver

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